Automatic balancing mechanism in flying-machines.



v v 8. 8. MORRISON.

AUTOIATIO BALANOIIG mul!!! ll FLYING 081328.

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Amrum nmnouo nunmal Il rnmuumm umonrolrmn n.muo. v PMM Oct. ll, 1910.

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EIIIIIIILI INVIA TOR.

` 8. 8. MORRISON. y LUNILTIO ILLAIOIIG mllll Il YLYIIO IAUIIIBI.

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NVBNTOR,

1 UNITED PATENT OFFICE. i

srtvaiiua s ironsxsou. or unwronnotssrUcxr. usionoa or iixiiii-rwsiirxars 'ro wanen. z.. sucxxaiv, or covnio'roit.` nwrucxr.

.UTOHLTIC `LLABI'JIIG ICRNIBK I! FLYING-0mm lpaetlesttoa et Lettera retain.

' Patented Oct. 11, 1910.

appiteattsalled April I.. $910. serial lo. 8.080. jJ

` with ii sus ieiidcd cnr. oi' frame. ind ii shiftrear of the machine;

'supiorting ring roc i ing prope ler; and the objects of inry iniprovenieiits are. lli-st, tu irovlde a sa c and nure`autoiuiitic lateriil bn aiicin or equilibrium in flying machines.; secon to provide a safe steen to the right or lett without a vertical ru der; third, to rovide menus for uhifting the propeller to t eright or left, independently from the rocking supporting surface or lone.

Other obJeets will be brought out in the following deicripiion.

I attain theirl objects bythe automatic mechanism illustrated in the accompanying.

drawings, in whieli--fn U Figure lir. a vertical Hide view; Fig. 2. a vertical front `view looking toward the Fig.' 8, a topview of the propeller tunic-table; Fig. 4, a vertical Section of the pro ller turn-table au'd the ng supporting surface, showing the system of bracing wires." l

Similar numeralsl refe r to similar parte througlIiloutthe several vievs. i F

In t lelaccompai'i n raw ugs, i. 2 represent the frontyiiegw ofy the sded cer or frame 1,'which is connected to the in supporting surface or plane 2,; by .two (2 Journsl bearings 8 8. situated st the upper ront and rear ends of the suspended car, and at the middle of the-rocking su porting surface. To the under side of t e' said rocking su rting surface, is secured a bearing beam carrying two (2) beati brackets 86 86, adapted to form 'a 'part o the journal' bearings 8 8, (see Figs. l and 2.) The hangers 4 4, ca ing the two (2) journal bearin 8 8, are 'lted to the .four (4).

uprigbts o the suspended car 1.. The rockig. 5, a top plan of the theau ing inipportiii 'surface 2, hns iiii operating minst exten( ing downwardly throii h the center from n int tivo und one-hul (2l feet, more or ess, above the seid rocking support-ing. surface; said rockin supporting sur ucc is substniitiallv braced y wires extcndin from different iositioiis on the upper am lower sides of t e same, to the operafin mast 5. (See Figs. l and 2.)

T e o ierating provide with va slotted fork ada ted to receive an antifriction roller 7, wliic is se cured to the actuating lever 8;.siiid actuatmg lever iii mounted loosely u a sleeve pro"cctinig outwardly from thc huh of thc usci lating arm il, which forms the axis upon which vthe actuating lever 8, swings inY disengaged from the autonuitic ineclisnism. li ably connected to the oscillating arm 9, is a disengaging clutch 10, adapted to engage slots on the under sides of the hubs of the actuatin lever 8, and the oecillnting arm 9. (See 8,-and the oscillating arm 9, swu operating mast 6 turn the rockin? 11 said rocking is ball bearing mounted upon n lon itudinnl bearin ber l ,which iii subatantial y braced to t e frame of the suspended carl; the said rocki carries the oocillating ann 9, an the bevel Snr l2, said bevel ar 12, is meehedto a vel gear 14, secure( to a ve'rtical shaft 12S.; the lower end of said vertical iiliaft in nesured by s' plain ball bearing attached to the been bar 18; to the up r end-of maid vertical .ft A115, is secu the propeller turn-table 16, ball hearingly mounted to and upon a stationary suppcrtinoriiig 17 said stationary supporti ,mig isa lt stsn'tinlly braced to e upper front part of ded car or frame-1; the p turn-ta le 16, carrying the propeller'l .the ropeller shaft 19, and the'propeller shaft .rlvmif gli 9.0, mounted upon three (3) journa arings 91, said-gro ller bei swung: by the rocking sha 1 the bev the miist l5, at its lower end isig. 1.) The actuating lever ller n is .mi u, .mi u muni .um 1s., i

surface 2, .is nosed on the.' or lx side.' The current of air forced the prt peller under thev depressed side o the rcckl mg eu portixgeurfaee 49, .immediately returns t said rocking suptpoeting surface to a level or horiemtal 'posi xiron., and tho prolol pellcr is at the same time' automatically turned to thefront or straight. posit-ion.

"lhe inotorsliafttension bearing consists of a guiding frame 23, a bearing box 22,

slidably mounted thereto, anda spiral springv 24; said spiral spring is adapted to the open' space between the hcaringbcx and the 1 iding traine. passes through the bearing box 2 2, and carries the transmission pulley 35. When the .shifting of the propel er twists the belt, the belt ia made tight, and the' motor shaft i .tension bearing is provided to overcome the and 315.

f barbolted to t i'e under eldeof the platform, and secured to .the f e .of the-'suspended the s 0 the oscillating arm 0, anA the'releaaingco'rd.

the aid releaiingcord is carried rearwardly. to a lpulley-adapted to guide. the same up' latform 80, to n ringsccnrcd'to the stan ard 28. the releasing` and within easy tightening of vthe 'belt when the belt'.` is twisted by therturning of the `propeller to the ri ht or left. The propeller is driven by a lt passing-around the pulleys 20 The iw@ (e) ends of the iam-ih cahiers, areA connected to the lower end o the oscillating arm 9', and are carriedby paulleys 26, to'the'steering wheel 27. 'Iflie steering whee is secured to a standard-28, in front of the operators seat. 29, and is bolted to the plat= form 30; said ilatform ie braced by a cross car l..y In the rim of t eil-id steering wheel 27,.is an annular groove, adapted to receive the steering cable 25.

- The disengaging clutch 10, 'rein referredto, has at its lower end an eye et adapted toA cord 3l', extendingdowm 82; laid tension receive a releasi wardly to a tcninon pullei pulley being adaptedto ta `e up g ck of the releasin cord 81,v so that 31, will not come in contact with each other;

ward v` through the cord being tied to' said ri reach of the operator. T e 4alaclt `in thereleasing cord herein' referred to,-is provided to accommodate the rockin movement of the disengagng clutch 10, w en the oscillat' ing arm il. carrying the said disenga gin clutch, is oscillatcil by the reeiprocation o the rocking shaft l1.

34,' represents .the space occupied hy ythe motor. l

The rear part of my flying machine-is not shown in the drawings, ondeeerihed in this application. l contemplate ,tiling a separate application in whichv mv complete' machine wil be fully dei'icrilad.` including.r certain other improvcnientsot ka very important nature.

. Steering to the 'right and left is performed by turning they wheel 27, toward the side' in which itisdesircdto go. `To permit this,

the steering cable 25, is crossed at the under aide of the wheel 27. It iii` not necessary for the operator to keep his hand von the steer- 'lhe motor driving sha t. 37,

...can be properly andgive outi 5 )eitler automatically.

with means to withdraw saidclutc .surface is disengaged erases ing wheel unless he is flying in a heavy or gusty wind, aa the forward pull of the propeller will keep my 'tl ing vmachine in a straight-away course.

at such times when the .operator desires to makea .sharp and quick turn. The 'reanon for withdrawing theelutch 10.-into reverse the action of the nockingplane 2, fromfits automatic connections svith the. swing-ing peller. The rocking planet?, hein set g rheclutch l0, is not i to' be Withdrawn from -tlie lever 8, except ree from its .automatic connections wit the propeller; is raised on vthe riglit-aidewhen the pro ller is'shifted tothe left by the wheel 2' and, is raised outhe left side whenJ the' propeller is shiftedto the right. -Itthe .disenga 'ngclutc'h 10. were not .withdrawn A,at'tlietimea shar and'iuick turn to the left is desired; thcroc in ane 2,would remain depressed on the rig-t. side, this condition being gppositetowhat yni desired, aa inturn-` ing to'tlieleftthe roifking-plaue'2,'ninst be raised. on the right side so t at the machine banked against the outer circle ofair at thetnrnin point; the above conditions: reversed, app' ies in 'making a sharp andquick turn to the right. I nmnotiau'are that prior to my invention lyigunachincs have been made withan -antomatic .balancing inechaiiism.; l, therefore, do claim broadly as my invention the combinaton in a flyingmachineof nn automatic balancing mechanism, having a rocking snpo a suspended cer or frame, am

.portingenrface or plane, iournally connected a 'shifting propeller. with'mcn'ns to operate the rocking' si porting surface. and the'shifting -:pro-

claiml. ln a living machine, an automatic. hal'- ani-ing mechanism. the combination of a rockin v supporting surface or plane; a au` penile( car or fra-me iournally connected to said rocking supportingsnrface.. whereby the rocking supporting surface is agitated by the wind. wiile t e frame always hangs in a vertical position;

4an operating mast carried by the rocking anppoiiing surface, aaidv operatin mast having at ita -lou'er end a slotted fo adaptedto receive an anti-friction roller; an ac tuat.-

ing lever. carrying the anti-friction roller;

i'io suspended car'or g iis anA oscillating arm.*carryi.ng!the aald actuatfv ingflver fast und loose upon p sleeve prol jecting 'from the hub of the oscillating arm a disenfagin'g clutch, elidably' connected to the sai( oscila lthc actuating. lever and oscillatin arm;- from said slots, whereby the rockin eup rt l l h t. d in anci vmec anisin -a owing a rp an quick tiign to the lright or left with safety, substantially aa set forth. v

. tic` perfect.

tingarm, and ada tedr to en.-` vgage slots on the under sides of t ve hubs of ating must carrici by t` weeen -Y I '8' 2. Iii ii flying iiuichinr, an automatic halui'ufiiig uustluinisin, tlie'ixnnliinatioii of ii roi-.kin r -upimrting siii'fiicegoi' plane, ii sus pi-ndei .rar or friiuic, journiill connected to Suid rocking sup )ortin sur ace; an operie said rocking supporting surface; a slotted fork carried by the sind operating niasti aniictuating leverging i-uii'ied fast iiiidlisme, aiid-'irdisen clutch carried slidably, by an osci ating iii-iii: un anti-friction roller carried by the said actuating lever; an oscillatin arm earried livu rocking shaft: said roc infsli'a'ft, .is bul be'iiringly-niounted upon a l ongituiliiiul bearing biirgseid 'rockin vshaft carries at. its .opmsite end a beve gear, par-1 tinlly i-iit away so that it will not come in contact with tlic said longitudinal "bearing lair, wli'vu tlie seid bevel gear iiiiliiwung` byA -the siiid rocking shaft; a bevel gear adapted` to nicsli with the bevel geerconnected to the said rocking shaft. is carried by a vertical shaft, the upper endl of said vertical shaft:l is `secured to a, propeller turn-table, the

lower cud of the vcrtical'iihiift is secured to the foi-ward end ofthe naid'longitndinal' l bearing liar by ii` plain ball bearing; a proupoii'ii stutionarv sup lupon three (3) actuating lever; siiii cord is carried downwardly peller turn-table ball .bearingl-y mounted is substantially braccil to t e fraiiie of'the suspended car; siiid propellier turii-tiible cui-ries a propeller, a propeller shaft, and a ypropeller shaft driving pulley, mounted *oiirnal' bearings upon the the said propeller tum table, .sub' iintiiilly as set forni.

upper aurface o 8. In a flying machine, an autoniaticbalancing'niechannini, the combination of a pro# peller, n propeller turn-table, va stationary `iupporting ring for tbe suine; an oscillating arin carrying a` diaen giig clutch, and an disenguging clutch liar-ing ut its lower end iin eye et, adapted to receive-a releasing oord' said releaain rtin ring, said ring `surface or plane; the` rockin surface being eetfree from t e automaticv in ann whereb the H eaily'ehiftedbif the rocking of the support suina: iiu iH-illstiug arm. tlia lowi-.i' und of said oscillating ii'i'iii, is adapted to receive llie two (2) nils of u steering cable; ii sus- |a-ndcd csrcuirying tlic said steering cable rearwardly tou steering wheel adapted to receive-tbe suini-i: u .nieuiis to dierngiige the yt-'orkuiiz lsupporting surface or plane from the aiitoiiuitic balancing mechanism, where.-

'by the said propeller turn-table and s biftin propeller is shifted vto the right or left, in

.pe'ndent'ly ofA `the rocking supporting l'ialiincin mechanism, isriiised on theri vlit side by t `when the propeller is shifted to tbc le t, and

the rockin supporting surface 'is Iriiiaoil'on the left si c when tlic propeller is shifted to tlie righhthis iillowii` the iiying"iiiacliine to bev banked against the'outer circle of the turning point. without using ii vertical rudder,'orapparutus, other than denbed.

li. In a living machine, an automaticbaliin'ciiig meclninisin, the combination of one 1') or more operating-innate extending downwardly-'through the center of one- (1) more rockin supporting surfaces. connected to ii suspen( ed cnr 'or freine, said rocking supporting surfaces beingl superposed, or ot i support ing crwise: ii iropcller'moiintedon-a swinging shaft, ivi ineens whereby the propeller u ie `shifted to the right or left automatically,l

when the rocking suplxirting s urfaces are de reused downwardly on the right o r I eft sii e by the wind agitating the said rocking supporting surfaces, substantially as vtiet l fort 6. ln a 'tlyiiig,macliine, an automatic boliiiiciiig mechanism, the rcombinatioi'u of a rocking simiorting plane, au iiutoiiiutic bnln'nciiig inA ianisin pivoted thereto, a propeller nioiinted-.on a swii in .y

pro ler ie autoiiiati ing plane so that the draft of air' from the shaft, and -l reo.

propeller is directed against the depreilied'.

side of the rocking sup sirting plane orci the said supportin p ane to a .horizonte '-SYLVNUS s. M'o'nmson.

Witnesses:

WauraaS. Scmmvr, Jaune J. Gaomm.

' vor level`position`,feu tantially as `iet. forth. 105

o v A e current ofnir'from the pro l er, I 

